You see the tombstone of Ludwig Boltzmann on the ”Zentralfriedhof” in Wien.
The text $S=klog<!--FUNCTION\; APPLICATION-->W$ on his tombstone is a symbol with several aspects:

• It is the central formula of the statistical mechanics developed by Boltzmann

• The consequences of Boltzmann’s new theory bothered so many colleagues; the argument was so severe that Boltzmann committed suicide. Especially two aspects of his statistical approach in thermodynamics were attacked:

• A statistical approach assumes the existence of many equivalent smallest particles, i.e. of atoms. But this was not accepted generally in the middle of the 19. Century.

• By claiming the dominance of the statistical character of thermodynamics as also

• In Darwin’s Evolution Theory in the Biology and

• Later on in Quantum mechanics

• The aimed and ordered world of a god leaded society was questioned.

• e.g. Max Planck did not accepted statistical thermodynamics due to this reason

• Due to similar reasons Einstein did not accept the interpretation of quantum mechanics: ”God does not dice!”

• From today’s point of view: ”Order generated by chaos $\Rightarrow$ Synergy”