# Defects in Crystals ## © Prof. Dr. Helmut Föll (retired) ### University of Kiel; Faculty of Engineering
Final Version Oct 2019
Below is a schematic drawing of various crystal lattice defects; illustrating parts of what this Hypercript is about.
a) Interstitial impurity atom, b) Edge dislocation, c) Self interstitial atom, d) Vacancy, e) Precipitate of impurity atoms, f) Vacancy type dislocation loop, g) Interstitial type dislocation loop, h) Substitutional impurity atom
### PDF-Version of Backbone ### ZIP-Version of Hyperscript (64 MB!)

| You may have seen the picture above before because it keeps popping up - sometimes slightly modified - in various books and articles about defects in crystals.
|  | Well - this one is the original. I drew it (manually, with ink and stencils) in 1976as part of my Ph.D. work.
|  | This little beauty has started to migrate around, and the original source is so obscure that one might consider it lost. No wonder it is rarely mentioned.
| Do I mind? Not at all! I always get a kick out of running across this picture every now and then.
|  | Having made this statement I sincerely hope that all my colleagues, whose work I might have used without a specific reference in this Hyperscript, share my feeling. If not, please get in touch, and I will correct whatever errors and accidential copyright infringements I might have made.
|  | Adress e-mails to . You must type it in, because direct links are susceptible to abuse.
Link to an alternative page that shows a real defect and gives some reasons why defects are important.

## How to Start

| Use the Menu on the left. This leaves four alternatives:
|  | Click on "Introduction" and start at the beginning.
|  | Click on a chapter that looks interesting and take it from there.
|  | Click on Module Matrix, and start with whatever looks interesting.
|  | Click on Indexlist, see which key word catches your eye, click on it and see what you get.
| Go the direct way

## Background Information

| This hyperscript used to be the script to a lecture course. The lecture course has not been given for years and now it is a kind of stand-alone "book". I have done some final editing but did not remove all allusions to the lecture course.
| This hyperscript contains many peculiarities in its formatting and style of writing. This was done with some objectives in mind. Find out about this here.
| There are more Hyperscripts available. If you are really curious about the Hyperscripts of "AMAT", you will find some information in the link.

## Technical Information

| Which Browser should you use? This Hyperscript is optimized for the Windows Explorer but works also quite well with Mozilla.
|  | Other browsers might scramble equations. The link opens a "Check your Browser" page, which will show if your browser is OK.
| The "print friendly" and ".pdf" options only work for the "backbone" part of the Hyperscript (consult the "Matrix of Modules" for the meaning of "backbone").
| If you click on "Project" in the menu (or here), you will find some more information about the structure of this Hyperscript and the philosophy behind it.
|  | For example, if you like to read prefaces, you will find it there.
|  | Many other metafiles are also accessible from there.
| The remaining menu buttons (e.g. Indexlist etc.) provide automatically generated cross-linked lists which might be useful if you are looking for specific items.

## Disclaimer

| The following disclaimer is required by German Law:
|  | Hiermit distanziere ich mich ausdrücklich von allen Inhalten aller gelinkten Seiten auf dieser Homepage und mache mir diese Inhalte nicht zu eigen. Diese Erklärung gilt für alle auf meinen Seiten angebrachten Links, die außerhalb meines direkten Einflussbereiches liegen. H. Föll
|  | Herewith I declare that I have nothing whatsoever to do with the content of linked pages as far as they are not my own, or not within my direct sphere of influence. H. Foell
| Claimer:
|  | It's all mine! However, I usually do give permission to use all of it if you ask me. Address e-mails to . You must type it in, because direct links are susceptible to abuse.
| Impressum